G0: Powered on and working this is your Mac’s “awake” and operational status.There are a couple important power states that help us understand how the computer operates. This controls how power is distributed to different devices, including things like the memory (RAM), storage devices, USB peripherals and more. Power states come in a couple flavors and are controlled by the motherboard or Logic power. These power states comes from ACPI, or Advanced Configuration and Power Interface, which controls power management in your Mac. Much of your Mac’s shutdown and restart processes are controlled by ACPI power states. When you select “shutdown” from the Apple menu, the computer quits all apps, does a little housekeeping, unmounts the filesystem and turns off peripheral devices. The shutdown process is pretty simple itself. All components get reset as part of the shutdown process, so the only difference between shutdown and reboot is that the computer restarts as soon as it can. The computer “knows” to reboot thanks to the ACPI reset command, but that’s only set after the computer has completed the shutdown process. The reboot process is only slightly different from the shutdown process. If the flag isn’t present, the computer moves into the “soft off” state, waiting for you to come back and press the power button again. If the reboot flag is present, the computer starts the boot process as soon as the shutdown process is finished. This reset command is nothing more than a certain value at a certain register address which the motherboard checks before moving to its “off” state. Then, it follow the normal startup (AKA “bootstrap”) process. This flag tells the motherboard, or Logic Board in Apple parlance, to reset the attached components using the correct reset commands. In the abstract, a reboot is indicated by a power state flag set by your computer at the end of the shutdown process.
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